Motor



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. B. ERWIN.

MOTOR.

Patented June 19, 1888. o p \\O/) No B Y o C @tgig .I lf' l WM !i f@Www/msi I 8 wem/1,6,

(No Model.) 3.Sheets-Sheet 2.

` J. B. ERWIN.

MOTOR.

Patented June 19, 1888.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

- J. B. ERWIN.

` MOTOR. K No. 384,612. PatetedJune 19, 1888.

Nrren STATES JAMES B. ERWIN, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 384,612, dated June1,9, 18:88.

` Appnqnon ined Marat 31,1891. semi No. 233,109. v(No model.)

To all 'whom t may concern.-

- Be it knownthat I, JAMEs B. Entvrmcf Milwaukee, in the county ofMilwaukee and State of W'isconsin, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Motors; and I do hereby declare the following lto be afull,clear, and exact description `of said invention, reference beinghad tothe accompanying drawings, and to the letters or firr thereon,which form apart of this specification.

uid, under compressed-air, steam, or other A pressure upon the water.

pressure, may be forced in a continuous stream in the same directionthrough a discharge pipe or duct and discharged in the same directionupon the motor-wh'eehrgpd saidwheeldriven said water or other liquidwith a rapid uniform movement; also, by which the water thus forced maybe changed in its course from one side of the motor-wheel to the other,and the motion of the wheel thereby reversed, without changing thecourseof the steam or other Notwithstanding the fact that my motor or engineis equally adapted to be used with compressed air, gas,

, or steam acting.a through the'niediunrof oil,

water, or other liquid, I will, to abbreviate the description, describethe same `as a hydropneumatic motor.

Figurelof the accompanying drawings represents a front view of myinvention, part in section. Fig. 2 represents a rear view, part insection. l1 `ig.'3 represents a side view, part in section.

Like parts are represented by the same reference-letters.

A and B are the waterfreceivers, which may y be formed together, asshown, in a single casting, subdivided into two compartments by apartition; Vor two separate cylinders may be substituted therefor.

C is a motor-wheel, which is supported upon a Shaft in the ordinarymanner within the inclosing-case D. One of the receivers,;A, be-

ing filled with water, compressed air is cony ducted thereto through`the pipe F, whereby the water is forced out'of such receivers Awith apressure `equa-'l to the. pressure of the air res of reference markedupon it, when it passes out through the branch pipe b and up through thepipe E, and is discharged through one of' the nozzles E upon from thenceitvpasses into the water-receiver until the contents of the receiver Ahave passed into the receiver B, when the course of the water isreversed from said receiver B to the receiver A by reversing the courseof the com-y pressed air, which air may be reversed` by a great varietyof well-known devices. When `the air is reversed from the empty receiverA to the receiver B, the water is forced from-the receiver vB to thereceiver A, as before, through said case D and upon said motor-wheel,passing through the branch pipe c and the main l Y y MpmipeE mwhen itreturns, as before, from said forward continuously in the `samedirection by be caused to flow in a continuous stream upon themotor-wheel rapidly over and over again, so long as the air or otherpressure is thus applied thereto'. The branch pipes aoand b Q are eachprovided with ordinary check-valves, h h, which prevent the return ofthe water through them. The Water passes from` the motor-caseD to therespective receivers A and B through the pipe I) and branches g g. The'branches g g are also provided with ordinary cheekvalves, d d, whichpermit the water to enter the receivers, but prevent it from returningtherefrom. The motor-wheel and itsY in closing-case are preferablylocated above the water-receivers A and B, as shown', so that the waterwill flow from said case into 'said repasses from the motor-ease D toeither of the water-receivers A or B, it becomes necessary to exhaustthe compressed air from such recei ver as the water enters it.

The compressed air may be contr/olledin its course both to and from saidwater-receivers variety of devices, which may be operated byhand orother exterior power. I have, however, shown a preferred form of devicefor auby the action of floats located in saidreceivers A and B.

the fmotor-wheel C within the'case D, and

ceivers of its own gravity. As the water bya single three-way cock, or,as stated, bya' tomatically controlling the direction of the air,

B. The course of the water is thus continued Thus it is obvious that thesame water: may

IOO

HH are the floats by which the aircontro1lling valves are actuated, oneof which floats is located in each of said receivers, and both aresupported by the same lever R upon the same pivotal support S. Thefloats H H are con- 5 neeted with the levcrR by rodsLand L. The rods Land L extend upward from the floats through the stuiing-nnts a a', andare connected with the lever R by links b b. The oats H H are of equalbulk and weight, and xo they counterbalance each other upon the centralpivotal support S, owing to which fact one counteracts the gravity ofthe other, and theyvirtuall y wei gh nothing,and consequently they maybe made of solid iron or any other I 5 material which is preferably ofgreater specie gravity than the surrounding water.

It is obvious that when the water in' the receivers A and B stands belowthe floats, as is Qthe case part of the time during the transmiszo sionof the water from one receiver to the other, the iioats remain at rest;but as soon as the water rises in one'of the receivers up to and aroundthe oat therein said float will gradually ascend, while thecounterbalancingfloat descends, whereby one end of the lever R will bedrawn downward and the other upward by the descending float with aforceequal to the weight of the water-displaced by the float in the fullreceiver, when the oat in 3o the full receiver will be drawn up as thewater rises around it by the gravity of the opposite float in the emptyreceiver. The .motion of n the lever R as it oscillates upon its pivotalY support S is communicated, as hereinafter de- 3 5 scribed, to theair-controlling valve c wit-hin the valve-chamber 1, whereby said valvec" is caused to reciprocate horizontally across the air-controllingports d" d and E, which ports d d communicate between said valve-cham-4oA ber I and the respective water-receivers A and B, wherebycommunication is alternately opened between the respective receivers Aand B and the valve-chamber I, while the same movements of the valve c"which open communication to one of the receivers A 011B also opencommunication between ,the other receiver and the exhaust-duct E', thuspermitting the air to escape from one of said water-receivers as thewater is driven thereto 5o from the other receiver, as described,through the wheel-inclosing case.

The side of the lever "R is provided with two stops, g g", which, assaid lever oscillates, are brought into contact with the respectivesides of the weighted ,two-armed lever A, whereby said lever A, with itsweight B, is carried upward from the inclined position shown in Fig. 1to and slightly past the vertical, above" .the pivotal support S, assaid 6o lever R is movedaslheretoforel described, by the action of theoats. When said lever A is thus carried to and slightly past thevertical, as mentioned, it drops of its own gravity upon the other side,whereby a quick positive motion is produced, which is communicated fromthe short arm C of said lever, through the stops D D, lever F, shaft G,

affixed to said shaft G" upon the inside of the 4chamber l,and thelever-F is rigidly affixed to the exterior end of the shaft G. The upperend of the lever F is located between the stops D D in such a positionthat as said lever A is thrown from one side to the other past thevertical, motion will be communicated thereto from said stops D D,whereby said lever F is alternately inclined toward the right and left,and the motion thus communicated to it is transmitted therefrom throughthe shaft G" and the two-armed lever H to the reciprocating valve c,whereby said valve e is alternately moved toward the right and left, asstated, as the respective receivers A and B are alternately filled withwater, and whereby the compressed air is al- .ways conducted to the fullreceiver, while it is simultaneously permitted to exhaust from the emptyreceiver. The stops D D" are affixed to the side of the shcfrt arm C ata slight distance apart from each other, upon the respective sides ofthe lever F", whereby the valve c is permitted to remainat rest untilthe lever A" has commenced to drop of its own gravity past the vertical,when said valve c is given a quick positive-movement. By thus providingan open space between the stops D D upon the respective sides of thelever F, as shown, the lever All is permitted to reach and drop a slightdistance past the vertical before said stops Dl are brought in contactwith said lever F, whereby the required momentum of the weight B isattained before it is met with the resistance of the sliding valve c,and whereby said valve c is given a quick positive movement, as'mentioned. t

O is an air-cock, by which the admission of air-fromfthe air-reservoirto the motor is controlled.

M is a pressureregulator, by which the airpressure in the motor iscontrolled and regulated to any desired pressure less than that ofthereservoir or supply. When desirous to provide for reversingl the rotarymovements of the motor-wheel, two separatedischarged nozzles, E and E,are provided-one upon each side ofthe wheel-whereby by reversing thecourse of the water from one nozzle to the other the motion of the wheelis reversed.

B represents a three-way cock, by which the course of the water is bothstopped and reversed from one side to the other of said wheel, asmentioned. When the handle C' of the cock is inclined toward the right,asindicated, water passes from the pipe E out through the passage b ofthe faucet into the nozzle E. When the handle is in/the verticalposition, the cock is closed and the motor is thereby IOO IIO

stopped, and when turned toward the left the duct b opens communicationbetween said pipe E and the nozzle E.

' To maintain a continuous unbroken stream of water under full pressureupon the wheel during the brief interval that the air-valves arereversing, I have provided an air-chamber, B', which holds a quantity ofwater beneath the compressed air in said chamber,

io which water is driven by the compressed air therefrom. down into thedischarge-nozzle as Vsoon as there is a diminution of pressure in thepipe E, thus maintaining a steady unbroken stream of water upon thewheel. The method herein described of forcing the same water or otherliquid under air or other gaseous duid pressure in a continuous streamin the same direction to, and upon the same motor-wheel -is myinvention, and I hereby rezo serve my right to procure a separate patenttherefor.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim as new, `and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a hydropncumatic motor, the combination of a motor-wheel, awheel-inclosing case,- into which case water i's forced by the-expansive force of compressed air alternately from one and then theother of two separate airtight water-receivers, two air-tightwater-receivers, from one and then the other of -which ,the same wateris alternately forced lby-the direct expansive force of compressed airwithin such receivers into said wheel-inclosing case, water-ductsprovided with checks communicating from said waterreceivers into saidwheel-inclo'sing case and from said wheel-inclosing case back to saidwater-receivers, an air-pipe communicating from a' supply with 4o bothof said water-receivers, and mechanism for controlling the course oftheair alternately to and from each of said water-receivers, sub;

- stantially as set forth.`

2. In a hydropneumatlc motor, the combination of two'separateliquid-receivers lcommunicating with each other throughA a thirdreceiver or wheel-inclosing case, a wheel-inclosing case, two branchpipes having returnrchecks communicating from said liquid-receiverthrough a single pipe with said wheelinclosing case, and a single pipecommunicating from said wheel-inclosing case through two separatebranchy pipes having returnchecks with each of said liquid-receivers,sub- 5 5 stantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a hydropneumatic motor, the combination of two liquid-receivers, Aand B, two branch pipes,- a and b, communicating from the respectivereceiver A'and B with the sin- 5o gletpipe or duct E, pipe or ductE,watercon trolling cock B,;and branch pipes or nozzles E and E,communicating between said cock and the wheel-inclosing case D upon therespective sides of the wheel7 whereby the course of the water may beturned from one side of said wheel to the other and the rotary movementof the wheel reversed, substantially as lset forth.

4. In a hydropneumatic motor, the combination of the wheel-inclosingcase D, provided with a motor-wheel, two liquid-receivers, A

and B, from one and then'the other of which water is alternately forcedinto said wheel-inclosing case D, valve-chamber I, communicating throughports with the respective receivers B and C, reciprocating slide-valveo", two counterbalanced oscillating oats, H H, located, respectively, inthe respective receivers B and O, and suspended by rods from the saine'supporting-lever, and mechanism for communicating motion from saidoscillating oat-s to said reciprocating valve, whereby, as said ioatsoscillate in said water-receivers, the same water is forced alternatelyfrom one and then the stuffing-nuts ag', floats HH, counterbalanced intheir respective chambers upon the same pivotal support or lever R,located upon the exterior of said chambers, two-armed lever A", mountedupon the same pivot-al support S with the lever R, pivotal Asupport S,stops g g, projecting from said lever R upon the respective sides ofsaid lever A, stops D" D, projecting fromthe side of the short arm G ofsaid lever A, upon`the respective side of the lever F, lever F, affixedat one end of IOC the pivotal shaft G" upon the exterior ofthevalve-chamber I", pivotal shaftG", extending across the interior ofthevalve=ohamber I, stuing-nut I, surrounding the protruding end of saidshaft G, lever H", affixed to the inner end of said shaft G, andair-controlling valvev c, adapted to be operated by contact with saidlever H, all substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two-witnesses.

Vitnesses:

C. T. BENEDIo'r, C. H. KEENEY.

IIO

JAA-MES B. ERVIN. i I

